The most recent coup in led to five years of political deadlock, international condemnation and economic sanctions. President: Andry Rajoelina. Businessman Andry Rajoelina took office as president in January , ending a decade of political turbulence that began with his ouster of President Marc Ravalomanana in The feud between the two men came to a head that year, when President Ravalomanana dismissed Mr Rajoelina as mayor of the capital Antananarivo.
The ousted mayor in turn spearheaded a popular and military revolt that drove the president into exile. Mr Rajoelina ruled as head of an interim authority that struggled with international sanctions until , when an often difficult process of accommodation between rival political camps led to him ceding power to elected President Hery Rajaonarimampianina. In , Madagascar finally became an independent nation.
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Try This! Explore More. It was called the Isle of St. Lawrence by the Portuguese, who frequently raided Madagascar during the 16th century, attempting to destroy the incipient Muslim settlements there. Other European nations also invaded; in the French established Fort-Dauphin in the southeast and maintained it until France used Madagascar as a source for timber and exotic spices, like vanilla. The Malagasy had two major uprisings against the French, in and , but the country did not gain independence until June 26, In , Didier Ratsiraka took control of the country.
The overall crime rate in Madagascar is lower than many other African countries, and is therefore considered safer for travel. Global trade and travel disruptions as well as domestic containment measures are expected to result in a sharp deceleration in economic activity in , with gross domestic product GDP growth predicted to slow to 1.
Vulnerable populations in urban areas are particularly exposed to economic hardship and poverty traps in these circumstances. Sharply declining tax revenues and COVIDrelated spending will widen the fiscal deficit and create a sudden increase in financing needs.
These developments emphasize the importance of implementing robust emergency measures to save lives, protect vulnerable populations, and safeguard jobs in the short term as well as accelerate reforms to stimulate investment for long-term recovery, strengthen resilience to future shocks, and maintain public debt at a sustainable course. The World Bank is committed to working with the government to achieve those objectives with the fully array of its instruments.
An estimated 1. Developed in consultation with the government, civil society, private sector, and others, the CPF aims to strengthen resilience and reduce the country's fragility while promoting inclusive economic growth. Reduce stunting in children under five years of age by 1 percentage point per annum in regions where chronic malnutrition rates are highest.
The International Development Association IDA also provides analytics and advisory services to provide support for evidence-based decision-making and stronger implementation on a wide range of development issues.
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